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Unitype Typewriter Serial Numbers Unitype Typewriter Serial Numbers for all Unitype typewriter models. Unitype Typewriter Serial Numbers for models: Unitype 6, Unitype portable 2017-02-18 05:00 Look up Unitype Typewriter Serial Numbers to find the ages for Unitype typewriter models: Unitype 6, Unitype portable Find out how old your typewriter is. Look up Unitype Typewriter Serial Numbers to find the ages for Unitype typewriter models: Unitype 6, Unitype portable

Unitype Typewriter Brand Notes

Argentina importer of office machine. Known labeling of Torpedo in Argentina.

Unitype Typewriter Serial Numbers

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Serial Number Table Last Edited: 02/18/17 05:00
NOTE: dates shown are JAN 1 unless noted, so the serial number shown is the *first* serial number produced the given year. Exceptions are serial numbers preceded by "up to"(where you can assume that the numbers reported in that subsection are DECEMBER 31, END OF YEAR NUMBERS) or rows where a month is given in the month column. If the serial number is shown as a range (xxxx-xxxx) it indicates that we know the entire range of serial numbers for the given year.

Torpedo          
        Torpedo Buromaschinen Werke A.G., Frankfurt, Germany  
Platen Diameter Standards: (44.5mm)
Model 18a & b, 30: (32.2mm [factory] 31.8mm [minimum])
Model 20: (32.3mm)
Simplex, Torpedo Solitaire, 10, Dynacord: (44.5mm [factory] 44mm [minimum])
24
           
Models and s/n Y M D Remarks Ref.
           

Most Torpedo serial numbers are running consequently through the model series.

For an easier search they are not grouped by models.

 
           
1001-1500 1907     Model 2 7,9
1501-2400 1908-109     Model 3 7,9
2401-6500 1910-1911     Model 4 7,9
6501-11100 1911-1912     Model 5 7,9
15001-15400 1914-1916     Model Simplex 7,9
20001-48000 1913-1922     Model 5b 7,9
48001-72250 1922-1927     Model 5c 7,9
75001-90000 1925-1928     Model 12 7,9
90001-95000 1927-1928     Model 6 7,9
95001-100000 1928-1929     Model 12 7,9
100001-105000 1928     Model 6 7,9
105001-110000 1928     Model 14 7,9
110001-115000 1929     Model 12 7,9
115001-122000 1929     Model 6 7,9
122001-127000 1929-1930     Model 14 7,9
127001-132000 1929-1930     Model 6 7,9
132001-134750 1930     Model 14 7,9
134751-135000 1931     Model 15 7,9
135001-140000 1931     Model 6 7,9
140001-145000 1931     Model 14 7,9
145001 t0 150000 1931-1932     Model 6 7,9
150001-155000 1931-1932     Model 15 7,9
155001-157500 1932     Model 14 7,9
158001-158995 1932     Model 15 7,9
158996-163000 1932     Model 15a 7,9
163001-168000 1932     Model 6 7,9
168001-170000 1932     Model 15a 7,9
170001-171000 1933     Model 16 7,9
171001-174000 1933     Model 15a 7,9
174001-174005 1933     Model 17 7,9
174006-174030 1933     Model H15 7,9
174031-175000 1933     Model 17 7,9
175001-179000 1933     Model 15a 7,9
179001-180000 1934     Model 6 7,9
180001-182000 1933-1934     Model 15a 7,9
182001-183000 1934     Model 17 7,9
183001-185000 1934     Model 15a 7,9
185001-185500 1934     Model 15a 7,9
185501-186000 1934     Model 16 7,9
186001-187000 1934     Model 17 7,9
187001-189000 1934     Model 6 7,9
189001-192000 1934     Model 15a 7,9
192001-193000 1934     Model 17 7,9
193001-195000 1934     Model Su 6 7,9
195001-196000 1934     Model 17 7,9
196001-197000 1934     Model 15a 7,9
197001-197500 1934     Model Su 6 7,9
197501-199000 1934-1935     Model 16 7,9
199001-200000 1934     Model 6 7,9
201001-202000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
202001-204000 1935     Model 6 7,9
204001-204500 1935     Model Simplex 7,9
204501-205500 1935     Model 17a 7,9
205501-207000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
207001-209000 1935     Model 6 7,9
209001-210000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
210001-212000 1935     Model 6 7,9
212001-213000 1935     Model 17a 7,9
213001-214000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
214001-215000 1935     Model Simplex 7,9
215001-216000 1935     Model 6 7,9
216001-217000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
217001-218000 1935     Model 17a 7,9
218001-220000 1935     Model 6 7,9
220001-220500 1935     Model 16 7,9
220501-221000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
221001-222000 1935     Model 6 7,9
222001-223000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
223001-224000 1935     Model 15a 7,9
224001-225000 1935-1936     Model 6 7,9
225001-226000 1936-1936     Model 6 7,9
226001-227000 1936     Model 15a 7,9
227001-228000 1936     Model 6 7,9
228001-229000 1936     Model 15a 7,9
229001-230000 1936     Model 17a 7,9
230001-231000 1936     Model 6 7,9
231001-232000 1936     Model 15a 7,9
232001-233000 1936     Model 16 7,9
233001-234000 1936     Model 6 7,9
234001-235000 1936     Model 15a 7,9
235001-235600 1936     Model 17a 7,9
235601-238445 1936     Model 6 7,9
238446-238500 1936     Model 15a 7,9
238501-239000 1936     Model 16 7,9
239001-239500 1936     Model 17a 7,9
239501-241000 1936     Model 6 7,9
241001-242500 1936     Model 15a 7,9
242501-243000 1936     Model 17a 7,9
243001-243500 1936     Model Simplex 7,9
243501-244000 1936    

Model 16

7,9
244001-246000 1936     Model 15a 7,9
246001-247500 1936     Model 6 7,9
247501-248500 1936     Model 15a 7,9
248501-249000 1936     Model 17a 7,9
249001-250500 1936     Model 6 7,9
250501-251500 1936    

Model 17a

7,9
251501-253500 1936     Model 6 7,9
253501-254500 1936     Model 15a 7,9
254501-255500 1937     Model 6 7,9
255501-256000 1937     Model Simplex 9 7,9
256001-257000 1937     Model 18a and b 7,9
257001-258000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
258001-259000 1937     Model 6 7,9
259001-260000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
260001-262000 1937     Model 6 7,9
262001-263000 1937     Model 17a 7,9
263001-264000 1937     Model 6 7,9
264001-265000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
265001-267000 1937     Model 6 7,9
267001-267500 1937     Model Simplex 7,9
267501-269000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
269001-270000 1937     Model 17a 7,9
270001-271000 1937     Model 6 7,9
271001-272000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
272001-273000 1937     Model 6 7,9
273001-274000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
274001-275000 1937     Model 6 7,9
275001-276000 1937     Model 6 7,9
276001-277000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
277001-278000 1937     Model 17a 7,9
278001-280000 1937     Model 6 7,9
280001-281000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
281001-282000 1937     Model 6 7,9
282001-283000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
283001-284000 1937     Model 6 7,9
284001-285000 1937     Model 15a 7,9
285001-286000 1937     Model 17a 7,9
286001-287000 1937     Model 6 7,9
287001-287500 1938     Model Simplex 9 7,9
287501-289000 1938     Model 6 7,9
289001-290000 1938     Model 15a 7,9
290001-291000 1938     Model 6 7,9
291001-292000 1938     Model 17a 7,9
292001-294000 1938     Model 6 7,9
294001-295000 1938     Model 15a 7,9
295001-296000 1938     Model 6 7,9
296001-297000 1938     Model 6 7,9
297001-298000 1938     Model 18a and b 7,9
298001-299000 1938     Model 15a 7,9
299001-301000 1938     Model 6 7,9
301001-302000 1938     Model 17a 7,9
302001-303000 1938     Model 15a 7,9
303001-304000 1938     Model 6 7,9
304001-304063 1938     Model 15a 7,9
304064-305000 1938     Model 6 7,9
305001-306000 1938     Model 18a and b 7,9
306001-308000 1938     Model 6 7,9
308001-309000 1938     Model 6 7,9
309001-309500 1938     Model 17a 7,9
309501-311000 1938     Model 6 7,9
311001-312000 1938     Model 15a 7,9
312001-313000 1938     Model 18a and b 7,9
313001-314000 1938     Model 6 7,9
314001-315000 1938     Model 6 7,9
315001-316000 1938     Model 17a 7,9
316001-317000 1938     Model 15a 7,9
317001-317500 1938     Model Simplex 9 7,9
317501-318000 1938     Model 18a and b 7,9
318001-320000 1938     Model 6 7,9
320001-321000 1939     Model 18a and b 7,9
321001-323000 1939     Model 6 7,9
323001-324000 1939     Model 15a 7,9
324001-325000 1939     Model 18a and b 7,9
325001-326000 1939     Model 17a 7,9
326001-327000 1939     Model 15a 7,9
327001-328000 1939     Model 18a and b 7,9
328001-330000 1939     Model 6 7,9
330001-331000 1939     Model 17a 7,9
331001-332000 1939     Model 18a and b 7,9
332001-333000 1939     Model 6 7,9
333001-334000 1939     Model 6 7,9
334001-335000 1939     Model 15a 7,9
335001-336000 1939     Model 17a 7,9
336001-337000 1939     Model 18a and b 7,9
337001-338000 1939     Model 6 7,9
338001-339000 1939     Model 15a 7,9
339001-341000 1939     Model 6 7,9
341001-342000 1939     Model 18a and b 7,9
342001-342500 1939     Model Simplex 9 7,9
342501-344000 1939     Model 6 7,9
344001-345000 1939     Model 15a 7,9
345001-347000 1939     Model 6 7,9
347001-348000 1939     Model 15a 7,9
348001-349000 1939     Model 6 7,9
349001-350000 1939     Model 18a and b 7,9
350001-352000 1939     Model 6 7,9
352001-353000 1939     Model 6 7,9
353001-354000 1939     Model 6 7,9
354001-355000 1939     Model 17a 7,9
355001-356000 1940     Model 18a and b 7,9
356001-357000 1940     Model 15a 7,9
357001-359000 1940     Model 6 7,9
359001-359250 1940     Model Simplex 9 7,9
359251-361000 1940     Model 6 7,9
361001-362000 1940     Model 18a and b 7,9
362001-363000 1940     Model 17a 7,9
363001-364000 1940     Model 6 7,9
364001-365000 1940     Model 15a 7,9
365001-366000 1940     Model 6 7,9
366001-367000 1940     Model 18a and b 7,9
367001-369000 1940     Model 6 7,9
369001-370000 1940     Model 17a 7,9
370001-371000 1940     Model 15a 7,9
371001-373000 1940     Model 6 7,9
373001-374000 1940     Model 18a and b 7,9
374001-375000 1940     Model 17a 7,9
375001-376000 1940     Model 15a 7,9
376001-378000 1940     Model 6 7,9
378001-379000 1940     Model 18a and b 7,9
379001-381000 1940     Model 6 7,9
381001-382000 1940     Model 15a 7,9
382001-383000 1940     Model 17a 7,9
383001-384000 1940     Model 18a and b 7,9
384001-385000 1940     Model 6 7,9
385001-386000 1941     Model 6 7,9
386001-387000 1941     Model 6 7,9
387001-388000 1941     Model 15a 7,9
388001-389000 1941     Model 18a and b 7,9
389001-390000 1941     Model 6 7,9
390001-391000 1941     Model 15a 7,9
391001-392000 1941     Model 6 7,9
392001-393000 1941     Model 6 7,9
393001-394000 1941     Model 18a and b 7,9
394001-395000 1941     Model 6 7,9
395001-396000 1941     Model 15a 7,9
396001-397000 1941     Model 17a 7,9
397001-398000 1941     Model 6 7,9
398001-399000 1941     Model 18 7,9
399001-400000 1941     Model 6 7,9
           
405001-426000 1942     From here on s/n's for all Models 13,24
426001-440000 1943       13,24
440001-442000 1944       13,24
443001-445000 1946-1947       13,24
445001-456000 1947       13,24
456001-471000 1948       13,24
471001-500000 1949       13,24
500001-549000 1950     Model 20 started 13,24
549001-608000 1951       13,24
608001-660000 1952     Model 8 started, later called "Solitaire" 13,24
660001-701000 1953     Model Simplex started 13,24
701001-738000 1954       13,24
738001-750000 1955       24
750001-808000 1952-1954       24
808001-859000 1955       24
859001-917000 1956       24
917001-976000 1957       24
976001-1040510 1958     Model 30 started 24
1040511-1089095 1959       24
2000001-2000680 1959       24
1089096-1220100 1960       24
1500001-1506140 1960       24
2000681-2013300 1960       24
1220101-?? 1961       24
1506141-?? 1961       24
2013301-?? 1961       24
           
           
Model 20-Ace Models          
130000 1931-1932       1
160001 1932-1934       1
190001 1935       1
220001 1936       1
245001 1937       1
277001 1938       1
290001-310000 1939       1
500000 1951       1
551935 1952       1
650001 1953       1
712501 1954       1
775001 1955       1
837501 1956       1
900001 1957       1
960001 1958       1
Over 1030000 1959       1
           
           
De Luxe Model          
250000 1938       1
300001 1939       1
500000 1950       1
541001 1951       1
580001 1952       1
650001 1953       1
712501 1954       1
775001 1955       1
837501 1956       1
900001 1957       1
960001 1958       1
1030001 1959       1
1150001 1960       1
1207001 1961       1
1245001 1962       1
1271001 1963       1
1305001 upwards 1964       1
           
           
Model 30          
960001 1958       1
1030001 1959       1
1350001 1960       1
1400001 1961       1
1506001-1516000 1962       1
           
           
Dynacords          
2000000 1960       1
2011001 1961       1
2026001 1962       1
2034001 1963       1
2053001 upwards 1964       1

Unitype Typewriter Models: Unitype 6, Unitype portable


Reference numbers

* Indicates source data the current list maintainer has access to. Usually it means we have a copy of the document in question, but it might be in the form of a later edition list. However, for the purposes of validation we have been able to confirm the source.

   
No. Literature
1 * Century of the Typewriter, Wilfred A. Beeching, publ. by the British Typewriter Museum, 1974, 1990, ISBN 0951679007
2 * Joan Sales,"Date your Underwood Typewriter" - Website : http://www.oocities.org/heartland/cottage/5405/serial.htm, reference to Richard Polt
(note: The source for this article was at least partially Ref. #18)
3 Allowance Sheet 1918, made available by Andrew B. Schrader
4 Ernst Martin, Die Schreibmaschine und ihre Entwicklungsgeschichte(The Typewriter and the history of it's developement), publ. by Johannes Meyer Verlag and Basten International, 1920 to 1949 and reprints
5 * Darryl Rehr, Antique typewriters, by Schroeder publishing, Los Angeles, 1997, ISBN 0891457577
see: http://home.earthlink.net/~dcrehr/book/book.html
6 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies contributed by Mr. Bruce Beard, Australia
(note: this reference same as #28)
7 * "Liste der Herstellungsdaten gangbarer Schreibmaschinen" Listing of the production dates of commen typewriters), publ. by Wochenschrift für Papier, Otto Hoffmann Verlag, 1941, Berlin, copies contributed by Mr. Paul Roberts, Netherlands. Current copy from the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
8 * Richard Polt, adapted from the book of Paul Lippman, American Typewriters: A Collector's Encyclopedia (1992) and corrected, based on a list publ. in ETCetera #4
see: http://www.aquaporin4.com/etcetera/ETC.04.pdf
9 "Fabriknummernverzeichnis" (Factory number Listing), booklet which could be purchased optionally with book reference No. 4, edition 1941, publ. by Johannes Meyer Verlag, Pappenheim 1941
10 "Fabrikationsdaten von Schreibmaschinen", listing of typewriter serial numbers for dealer's, 1942 and 1935, publ. by Carl Teege Verlag, Hamburg
11 Ames Supply General Catalog from 1949
12 Information contributed by Will Davis, see : http://www.hometown.aol.com/page3.html
13 Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und auslaendischer Schreibmaschinen, 10 Auflage, 1955, publ. by Burghagen Verlag, Hamburg (small book, pre-owned by the Adler Werke vorm. Heinrich Kleyer, Frankfurt)
14 * Leonhard Dingwerth, Kleines Lexikon Historischer Schreibmaschinen (Small Lexicon of Historical Typewriters), publ. by Kunstgrafik Dingwerth, Eichendorffstr. 77, D-33415 Verl
15 * Office Typewriter Age List No. 26, publ. by Smith-Corona, by courtesy of Mr. Ron Fuller, Los Angeles, USA
(note: this reference same as #22)
16 * American Typewriters - A Collector's Encyclopedia by Paul Lippman, 1992, Hoboken
17 * National Office Machine Dealers Assoc. "Blue Book" (NOMDA), 1964, provided by Bill Wahl
18 * Remington Information Binder (The Sheridan Binder), 1950's to 1970's, provided by Richard Polt.
see: http://munk.org/typecast/2011/09/07/in-preparation-for-an-updated-typewriter-serial-number-database-royal-portables/
19 * Interview with P. Birchmeier, Aug. 2012, reported by Georg Sommeregger.
see: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/theportabletypewriterforum/message/31895
20 * National Office Machine Dealers Assoc. "Blue Book" (NOMDA), 1980, provided by Bill Wahl.
see: http://munk.org/typecast/2011/04/22/national-office-machine-dealer-association-1972-typewriter-age-guide/
21 * VOSS Schreibmaschinen, 2012, published by Georg Sommeregger.
see: https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/VOSS.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_52.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_24_typewriter.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_klein_voss.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_privat.html
22 * Smith-Corona Age List #26, 1960, provided by Bill M.
see: http://offountainpenstypewriters.blogspot.com/2012/02/typewriter-serial-numbers.html
and: http://offountainpenstypewriters.blogspot.com/2012/02/moretypewriter-serial-numbers.html
23 * Shipman-Ward Office Machine Dealer's Line Book, Jan 1, 1954, provided by Bill Wahl.
see: http://munk.org/typecast/2013/01/05/shipman-ward-dealers-line-book-1954%E2%80%93part-2-age-lists/
24 * H.F.W. Schramm, Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und ausländischer Schreibmaschinen, 11th edition, Hans Burghagen Verlag, Hamburg 1962 - copy provided by Georg Sommeregger. Additional copy from the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
25 * P. Frensel, Die Entwicklung der ehemaligen DDR-Schreibmaschinen-Produktion (einschliesslich der bis 1945 produzierten Schreibmaschinen in diesem Gebiet sowie der Produktion ab 1990), in: Schreibmaschinen- und Bureau-Zeitung, Nr. 10/1999, Nr. 11/2000, Nr. 12/2000 (originally published in: Mannheimer Hefte für Schriftvergleich, Nr. 1-2/1999) - provided by Georg Sommeregger and later by Otto Koponen
"The development of the former GDR typewriter production (including typewriters produced on its territory until 1945 and production after 1990)"
26 * "The Writing Machine (A history of the typewriter)" Michael H. Adler
27 * "Antique Typewriters from Creed to QWERTY" Michael H. Adler
28 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. Dec 1973 by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies contributed by Mr. Peter Brill, Australia
(note: this reference same as #6)
29 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. Oct 1971 by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies: T. Munk with the assistance of Mr. Rob Bowker, UK
30 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. Oct 1980 by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies: T. Munk with the assistance of Mr. Rob Bowker, UK
31 * The Business Machines and Equipment Digest, publ. 1927 by Equipment-Research Corporation, copy contributed by Mark Adams.
see: http://type-writer.org/?p=2850
32 * R. Blickensderfer and P. Robert, "The Five-Pound Secretary. An Illustrated History of the Blickensderfer Typewriter", publ. 2003 by The Virtual Typewriter Museum, excerpt contributed by Georg Sommeregger.
33 * Matricolario Olivetti, copy contributed by Enrico Morozzi.
34 * Olivetti Graphika Serial Number List, compiled by Domenico Scarzello.
See: http://www.typewriterstory.com/index.php/ol-graphica
35 * Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und auslandischer Schreibmaschinen - 1950. By Carl Teege, Published by Hans Burghagen Verlag. From the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
36 * Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und auslandischer Schreibmaschinen - 1953. Published by Hans Burghagen Verlag. From the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
37 * National Typewriter and Office Machine Dealer's Association (NOMDA) Typewriter and Adding Machine Allowance Schedule, February 1, 1941. From the Collection of Tony Casillo, contributed by Richard Polt.
38 * Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict. Remington Standard typewriter. New York : Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict, [188-?], accessed from the Baker Library, Harvard Business School.
See: http://pds.lib.harvard.edu/pds/view/2574435
39 * Documented Hammond Serial Numbers, V.4 Jan. 1, 2013 through V.7 Jul 20, 2017, Compiled by Peter Weil.
40 * Blick Billheads With Serial Numbers, Compiled by Peter Weil.
41 * Olympia, USA "Allowance Sheet T-58" (approx 1977). From the Collection of Tony Casillo, contributed by Richard Polt.
42 * IBM Typewriters Serial Numbers 1946 to 1977, Montreal Branch - IBM Canada Ltd. Contributed to Yahoo GolfBallTypewriterShop group by Jacques Coulombe.
43 * Xerox Factbook 1987
See: http://simson.net/ref/Xerox/
44 * IBM Selectric Adjustment & Parts Manual S241-5939-2
45 * Brother Service Update #31, June 20, 1985
See: http://munk.org/typecast/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/brother-datecodes-1.jpg
46 * Brother Letter #0203 (10/1979) "How to Determine In-Warranty Typewriters"
See: http://munk.org/typecast/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/brother-warranty-3.jpg
47 * Brother Service Manuals and Addendums 1974-1990 "The Edsel R. Sanders Collection"
See: http://munk.org/typecast/2014/05/06/a-brotherly-bonanza/
48 * National Typewriter and Office Machine Dealer's Association (NOMDA) Typewriter and Adding Machine Allowance Schedule, 1977. From the Collection of Tony Casillo, contributed by Richard Polt.
49 * Brother Group Corporate Profile, 2014
See: http://download.brother.com/pub/com/en/corporate/pdf/2014/broa4_3334_en.pdf
50 * Victor Standard Typewriters, By Will Davis
See: http://web.archive.org/web/20090830084402/http:/geocities.com/wbd641/Victor.html
51 * Die historische Entwicklung des Bet riebes Optima Erfurt (2008), by Eberhard Lippmann. Contributed by Vilhelm Dromberg
52 * Corona: The Personal Writing Machine, by S. L. Johnson
See: http://www.sljohnson.net/typewriter/corona.html
53 * Standard Folding Typewriter by Richard Milton
See: http://www.portabletypewriters.co.uk/portable_typewriters_standard_folding.htm
54 * Collect Folding Coronas, by Paul Lippman
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC004.pdf?page=4
55 * Smith-Corona Parts and Service Manuals (1947-1999) lent by Bill Wahl
56 * Europe - Oliver - SIM - MAS small typewriters, by Georg Sommeregger.
See: http://www.typewriters.ch/collection/OLIVER_SIM_MAS.html
57 * The Montana line of Hermes clones, by Mark Adams.
See: http://type-writer.org/?p=3598
58 * The Hermes Baby page!, by Georg Sommeregger.
See: http://www.typewriters.ch/collection/hermes_baby.html
59 * American Digest of Business Machines, 1924. Contributed by Richard Polt.
See: http://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/ADBM1924.pdf
60 * "MTE-INV" Mesa Typewriter Exchange Stock Inventory Records 1950 to 1987. Contributed by Bill Wahl.
61 * "Mechanical Typewriters - Their History, Value, and Legacy" by Thomas A. Russo.
62 * "The IBM Model B typewriter" by IBM.
See: https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/modelb/modelb_intro.html
63 * "Remington Portables" by Richard Polt.
See: http://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/rem-portables.htm
64 * "Moskva and Janalif Research" by Alex Sandler. (plus updates)
See: https://goo.gl/I5X12b, https://goo.gl/z0tSOq, https://goo.gl/4iq9Tz http://odtype.blogspot.com/2016/10/moskva-3-and-4-age-lists-as-of-ix2016.html, http://odtype.blogspot.com/2017/02/moskva-5-6-and-7-age-lists.html
65 * "Collector's Guide to Antique Typewriters" Dan Post, Post-Era Books, 1981.
66 * "The Unknown Writing Machine" Don Sutherland in The Antique Trader, 1978.
67 * "Don't Mind My Insanity: Updated Fox Serial Numbers" by Tyler Anderson.
See: https://wordsarewinged.blogspot.com/2016/06/dont-mind-my-insanity-updated-fox.html
68 * "A Very Good Year for Adler Favorit 2's" by Robert Godlieb.
See: http://badonoer.blogspot.com/2016/01/a-very-good-year-for-adler-favorit-2s.html
69 * "FBI Forgery by Typewriter: Re-Examining the Alger Hiss Case - How Did His 1927 Woodstock Become a 1929 Model?" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2016/01/fbi-forgery-by-typewriter-re-examining.html
70 * "The Littlest Typewriters: Bennett's Bantamweights" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.co.uk/2012/02/littlest-typewriters-bennetts.html
71 * "Re: [TYPEWRITERS] Bennett Typewriter on Yahoo Typewriter Forum" by Thomas Furtig.
72 * "Sabb Schreibmaschine" by Georg Sommeregger.
See: http://www.typewriters.ch/blog/2016/06/sabb-schreibmaschine/
73 * "Discovering the Studio Musicwriter" by Theodore Munk.
See: Etcetera #109 (link when available)
74 * "The Story of the Typewriter 1873-1923" Herkimer County Historical Society, 1923.
75 * "The Early History of the Typewriter" by Chas. E Weller (1918).
76 * "Old Typewriters" by Duncan James (Shire, 1993).
77 * "Williams Typewriter Research" by Tyler Anderson, 2016.
78 * "The History of the Typewriter" by Geo. Charles Mares (Gilbert Pitman, London, 1909).
79 * "Emerson Typewriter Research" by Tyler Anderson & Peter Weil, 2016.
80 * "The Emerson: The Enigma of Typewriters" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/07/the-emerson-enigma-of-typewriters.html
81 * "A History of the Three-Row 'WILLIAMS' Typewriters" by Richard E. Dickerson in Historische Bürowelt No. 21 April 1988, and No. 22 July 1988.
82 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 50-52 1922" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
83 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 6-7 1907" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
84 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 38-40 1918" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
85 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 41 1919" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
86 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 29-32 1915" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
87 * "The Victor Standard Typewriter" by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-victor-standard-typewriter.html
88 * "On This Day in Typewriter History: Trying to Unravel the Victor Mystery" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/11/on-this-day-in-typewriter-history_6.html
89 * "The Franklin Typewriters" by Richard E. Dickerson in ETCetera #1 October, 1987.
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC001.pdf
90 * "On This Day in Typewriter History (CVI)" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2011/09/on-this-day-in-typewriter-history-cvi.html
91 * "the Garbell Portable Typewriter" by The Garbell family.
See: http://www.garbell.com/GarbellTypewriter.html
92 * "Garbell Typewriter" by Greg Fudacz.
See: http://www.antikeychop.com/#!garbell-typewriter/us0eg
93 * "Fox Visible Typewriters - An Overview " by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/08/fox-visible-typewriters-overview.html
94 * "Fox Portable Typewriters and the Demise of Fox Typewriter Company " by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/08/fox-portable-typewriters-and-demise-of.html
95 * "The American Stationer" 1906.
96 * "The American Stationer" 1907.
97 * "Franklin Typewriter Ephemera" collected by Peter Weil, 2016.
98 * "A Bennington Letter" collected by Martin Howard.
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC082.pdf
99 * "Filing & Office Management Magazine" Volume 6, 1921.
100 * "Filing & Office Management Magazine" Volume 7-8, 1922.
101 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 35-37 1917" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
102 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 44-46 1920" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
103 * "On This Day in Typewriter History: Unearthing the Molle" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/01/on-this-day-in-typewriter-history_9569.html
104 * "It's pronounced 'Mollie'" by Mark Adams.
See: http://type-writer.org/?p=4230
105 * "The Iron Age, Volume 79 - 1907".
106 * "Office Appliances Volume 36 - July 1922".
107 * "Office Appliances Volume 34 - July 1921".
108 * "The American Pocket Typewriter and Wellington Parker Kidder's Rochester" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2014/07/the-american-pocket-typewriter-and.html
109 * "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Details - The early days of the Noiseless Typewriter" by Ed Neuert.
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC081.pdf
110 * "The Merritt" by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2016/09/merritt.html
111 * "Yatran The Heaviest" by Alex Sandler.
See: http://odtype.blogspot.com/2016/09/yatran-heaviest.html
112 * "Moskva 3 and 4 age lists as of 10-2016" by Alex Sandler.
See: http://odtype.blogspot.com/2016/10/moskva-3-and-4-age-lists-as-of-ix2016.html
113 * "Portable Typewriters Today - February 2015" by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/02/portable-typewriters-today-february-2015.html
114 * "The Early Bar-Lock" and "Bar-Lock Typewriters - Models 4 to 15" by Bert Kerschbaumer.
See: ETCetera #98 & #114
115 * "AMES Supply General Catalog #10 - March, 1960".
116 * "AMES Supply Parts Catalog #11P - Feb., 1965".
117 * "The Amazing Masspro Portable Typewriter: 'Grandson' of the Standard Folding" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/10/the-amazing-maspro-portable-typewriter.html
118 * "Masspro Typewriter Page" by Greg Fudacz.
See: http://www.antikeychop.com/masspro-typewriter
119 * "Carl P. Dietz Collection of Typewriters", by George Herrl, 1965.
120 * "Royal Paint Touch-Up Color List", Rev. June, 1968.
121 * "Olympia SM series (part 1, 1948-1964)" by Nick T.
See: http://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/02/olympia-sm-series-part-1-1948-1964.html
122 * "Olympia SM series (part 2, 1964-1980s)" by Nick T.
See: http://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/04/olympia-sm-series-part-2-1964-1980s.html
123 * "AMES Supply General Catalog #5 - August, 1940".
124 * "1975 Smith-Corona Model Prefix Guide", Discovered by Jonathan Kinser from Smith-Corona research.
125 * "Evolution of the Typewriter", C. V. Oden, 1917.
126 * "1912-1923 The Origins and Evolution of the Typewriter" Various Authors.
127 * "The Swedish Densmore Typewriter" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2015/03/the-swedish-densmore-typewriter.html
128 * "All or Nakajima" by Steve K.
See: https://etzone.org/2017/06/17/all-or-nakajima
129 * Smith-Corona Series Estimates researched by Nick Bodemer, 2017
130 * Research by Peter Weil, and ephemera from The Cornelia and Peter Weil Typewriter Archives
131 * 1963 Hermes Baby Adjustment Manual B3, from the collection of T. Munk
132 * Underwood Age List, from the collection of Tony Casillo
See: http://www.typewritercollector.com/images/underwoodagelist.pdf
133 * 1966 & 1971 Hermes 3000 Adjustment Manuals G4,G6 & 1971, from the collection of Jacques Perrier, Museum of the Typewriter, Lausanne, Switzerland
See: https://www.perrier-sa.ch/musee/boutique/
134 * "Korean Typewriters" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/01/korean-typewriters.html
135 * 1985 IBM Replacement Guide Form 71K6222, supplied by Clark Hinson from the collection of Roger Brockevelt
136 * "Blickensderfer’s last hurrah as a Remington" by Mark Adams.
See: https://type-writer.org/?p=4294
137 * Blickensderfer Research by Peter Weil, 2017
138 * Etcetera #106-107
139 * "Briefly Blick-Bar" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2016/01/briefly-blick-bar.html
140 "Lexikon historischer Schreibmaschinen seit 1940" (Typewriter Lexikon since 1940) published 2008 by Leonhard Dingwerth.
141 * "Olivetti macchine per scrivere meccaniche" published 2013 by Carlo Torchio.
From the collection of Carl Hartmann via Mario Bellini
142 * "The ABC in Detail" by Will Davis and Thomas Fürtig.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/search?q=abc+in+detail
143 * "The Real Story of the Brosette Typewriter and its successor the Jaykay Portable" by Michael A. Brown.
See: http://typexnews.com/links/Brosette.pdf
144 * "A Royal Safari at Eighteen Years on the Net" by Will Davis.
See: https://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2018/03/a-royal-safari-at-eighteen-years-on-net.html
145 "The typewriter industry, The impact of a significant technological innovation" 1970 doctoral dissertation by George Nichols Engler, UCLA.
See: https://archive.org/details/TheTypewriterIndustry
146 * Research by Ian Brumfield
147 * Typewriter pages from Sears Catalogs: 1900-1985 From the collections of Alan Seaver (mostly), Nick Bodemer and T. Munk.
148 * "Ten Most Wanted Typewriters" by Richard Polt.
See: https://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/tw-10mw.html
149 * Messa Research by Carl Hartmann.
150 * "The Dawn of the Lettera 22" by John Cooper.
See: https://atypeofmadness.com/2019/02/12/the-dawn-of-the-lettera-22
151 * "Litton Drags its Caravan Through the Typewriter Desert" by Robert Messenger.
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2019/03/litton-drags-its-caravan-through.html
152 * "Typewriter review: 2019 Royal Classic" by Richard Polt.
See: https://writingball.blogspot.com/2019/03/typewriter-review-2019-royal-classic.html
153 * "GENERATION 3000" by Will Davis.
See: http://www.willdavis.org/Generation3000.html
154 * "Everything New in Portable Typewriters is Old Again" by Robert Messenger.
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/12/everything-new-in-portable-typewriters.html
155 * "Pretentious Self-Indulgence, and Also Some Pretty Big Breakthroughs" by Ian Brumfield.
See: http://dailyclipper.retroid.xyz/2019/07/16/pretentious-self-indulgence-and-also-some-pretty-big-breakthroughs
156 "1965-1969 Royal Line Catalog" from the collection of Ian Brumfield.
157 * "Harris Visible, Rex Visible, Demountable; Name variants; Vim Visible" by Will Davis.
See: https://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/01/harris-visible-rex-visible-demountable.html
158 * "1973 NOMDA Blue Book" by National Office Machine Dealers Association.
159 * "Olympia Engineering Bulletin General-3" by ITC, Jan 1, 1969.
160 * "IDENTIFYING AND DATING ANTIQUE CALIGRAPH WRITING MACHINES Nos. 1-4" by Al Sumrall.
See: https://oldhoodooblog.wordpress.com/2020/03/20/identifying-and-dating-antique-caligraph-writing-machines-typewriters-nos-1-4/
161 * "Some Type Writers - Their Origin and Uses" By J. B. Huling in Scientific American #575 - January 8, 1887.
162 * "Typewriter, A Celebration of the Ultimate Writing Machine" by Paul Robert and Peter Weil, 2016.
163 * "The Caligraph Publications" by Paul Robert.
164 * "Magic, Maligners and Malfunctions. Part IV – the Waverley, Maskelyne, Rapid, Salter and Many More." by Robert Messenger.
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2020/07/magic-maligners-and-malfunctions-part.html
165 * "Burroughs Adding Machine Company - Typewriters"
See: http://www.burroughsinfo.com/typewriters.html
166 * "Hall Typewriter Serial Numbers" by Al Sumrall
167 * LC Smith and Corona Service Bulletins (1939-1954) From the collection of T. Munk
168 * "Research on Halberg" by Theo Verkerk
See: https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/permalink/10157289533199678/
https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/permalink/10157248994634678/
https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/permalink/10157259808104678/
169 * Royal Royalite Parts Manuals 1955-1965 From the collection of T. Munk
170 * "FRISTER & ROSSMANN TYPEWRITERS"
See: https://www.fiddlebase.com/frister-rossmann/f-r-typewriters/
171 * Dial-a-Ribbon & Typing by Numbers
See: https://etzone.org/2022/05/05/dial-a-ribbon-typing-by-numbers
172 * etzone - a summary of Sharp's electronic daisy wheel models
See: https://etzone.org/sharp-2/
173 * etzone - a summary of Canon's electronic daisy wheel models
See: https://etzone.org/canon/
174 * etzone - a summary of Nakajima All's electronic daisy wheel models
See: https://etzone.org/nakajima-all/
175 * "Nakajima Model 800 Typewriter: The most surprising machine of ALL" by Robert Messenger
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/07/nakajima-model-800-typewriter-most.html
176 * Établissements Japy Frères, Historique et technologie des machines à écrire, [1946]
From the collection of Georg Sommeregger